Diana Hadi *
Aline EL Jurdi **
Nisreen Alwan ***
نبذة عن البحث باللغة العربية (Abstract):
الصمت الانتقائي أسبابه وعلاجه
"الصمت الانتقائي" هو فشل الأطفال الصغار في التواصل الشفهي بشكل فعّال في مواقف اجتماعية محددة، مثل: المدرسة، على الرغم من أنهم يتحدثون بشكل طبيعي عندما يكونون مرتاحين. وأعراض هذا الاضطراب شائعة في المدارس والأماكن التعليمية، حيث قد يخفق الأطفال والصغار في التحدث أو التواصل، ونتيجة لذلك قد يشعرون بالقلق والتوتر.
يبدأ الصمت الانتقائي عادة قبل أن يبلغ الطفل خمس سنوات، لكن المدارس قد لا تدرك ذلك حتى يكبر حيث سيقابل بالتفاعلات الاجتماعية.
يعاني الطلاب من صعوبة التحدث أو القراءة بصوت عالٍ، لذا تبدو المدرسة وكأنها تمرين للبقاء على قيد الحياة.
لذا، يعالج هذا البحث مسألة "الصمت الانتقائي"، فيقدّم تعريفًا بالصمت الانتقائي، وتاريخه ومسبباته وأسبابه وأعراضه وعلاجاته، ويضيء على تأثيراته على المعلمين وأولياء الأمور، ويخلص إلى طرح مجموعة نتائج وتوصيات يمكن الاستفادة منها مستقبلاً.
- الكلمات المفاتيح: الصمت الانتقائي؛ تواصل؛ العلاج السلوكي المعرفي؛ اضطراب الكلام
***
- Abstract:
Selective Mutism (SM) is the failure in young children to effectively communicate in specific social situations such as school even though they speak normally when they are comfortable such as at home. The symptoms of this disorder are common in schools and educational settings where children and youngsters might fail to speak or communicate and might, as a result, feel anxious and nervous. It usually begins before a child is 5 years old, but schools may not recognize so until s/he becomes older where s/he will be met up with social interactions. Students with SM have struggles speaking or reading out loud, so school appears like an exercise in survival any day. This review article addresses the issue of selective mutism and reviews the existing body of research on it. The paper provides extensive definitions of selective mutism and aims to discuss its history, etiology, causes, symptoms, and treatments. It ends with implications for teachers and parents as well as recommendations for future research.
- Keywords:
Selective mutism; Communication; Cognitive behavioral treatment; Speech disorder
***
* د. ديانا طلعت هادي : باحثة لبنانية، أستاذة مساعدة في كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية (قسم اللغة الإنكليزية وآدابها)، الجامعة اللبنانية وجامعة فينيسيا، لبنان. حائزة شهادة دكتوراه في الألسنيات التطبيقية
Dr. Diana Talaat Hadi: Assistant Professor, Faculty of Human Sciences (English Department), Lebanese University, Phoenicia University, Lebanon
* د. ألين وليد الجردي : باحثة لبنانية، حائزة شهادة دكتوراه في العلوم التربوية، جامعة القديس يوسف، لبنان
Dr. Aline Walid EL Jurdi: Ph.D. in Educational Sciences, Saint Joseph University, Lebanon
* د. نسرين حسان علوان : باحثة لبنانية، عميدة مشاركة للشؤون الأكاديمية في كلية العلوم الصحية، جامعة أبو ظبي، ص.ب. 59911 أبو ظبي، الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Dr. Nisreen Hassan Alwan: Associate Dean of Academic Affairs, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, P.O Box 59911 Abu Dhabi, UAE
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