ريتا هيكل حسون *
The impact of losing a husband or a father on the emergence of depressive symptoms among Lebanese wives following the 2024 war
Dr. Rita Haykal Hassoun *
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل أثر فقدان الزوج والأب على ظهور أعراض الاكتئاب لدى النساء اللبنانيات إثر الحرب التي شهدها لبنان في العام 2024؛ ففي ظل النزاعات المسلحة تعرضت العديد من النساء لفقدان أزواجهن أو آبائهن، سواء بالوفاة أم الاختفاء أم الانفصال القسري، ما أدى إلى اضطرابات نفسية متفاوتة بينهن. وقد تزداد حدّة هذه الاضطرابات بسبب النزوح الجبري، والظروف المعيشية الهشّة، وانعدام الاستقرار، وغياب الدعم الاجتماعي.
تعتمد الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتستهدف عينة من النساء اللبنانيات النازحات اللواتي فقدن أزواجهن أو آباءهن في حرب 2024 التي عانى منها لبنان، باستخدام استبيان يتضمن مقياسًا لقياس أعراض الاكتئاب Inventory) Beck Depression)، وأسئلة حول طبيعة الفقد والدعم الاجتماعي. وقد أظهرت النتائج الأولية أن النازحات يعانين من أعراض اكتئاب، خاصة في حالات الفقد العنيف أو الغياب القسري. كما تبين أن الدعم الاجتماعي يؤدي دورًا مهمًا في تخفيف حدّة الأعراض، وأن عدد الأطفال ومدة النزوح، من العوامل المؤثرة في شدة الاكتئاب.
توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة توصيات منها: ضرورة توفير تدخلات نفسية واجتماعية مخصصة للنساء النازحات الأرامل أو المنفصلات، ودمج الدعم النفسي في برامج الرعاية الأولية، وتفعيل شبكات الدعم المجتمعي في المناطق المتضررة.
- الكلمات المفتاحية:
فقدان الزوج والأب؛ النساء اللبنانيات النازحات؛ الاكتئاب النفسي؛ حرب 2024؛ الدعم الاجتماعي
***
- Abstract:
This study aims to analyze the impact of spousal or father loss on the emergence of depressive symptoms among displaced women in Lebanon. In the context of armed conflict and forced displacement, many women have lost their husbands or fatherr—whether through death, disappearance, or separation—resulting in varying degrees of psychological distress. These symptoms tend to be more severe among displaced women due to unstable living conditions, lack of security, and limited social support.
The study adopts a descriptive approach, targeting a sample of displaced women who have experienced spousal or father loss. A structured questionnaire was used, including a depression scale (Beck Depression Inventory) and items related to the nature of the loss and social support. Preliminary findings indicate that displaced women suffer from intense depressive symptoms, particularly in cases of violent or forced loss. Social support was found to play a significant role in mitigating symptom severity, while factors such as number of children and duration of displacement were also influential.
The study recommends the development of targeted psychological and social interventions for displaced widows and separated women, the integration of mental health support into primary care services, and the activation of community-based support networks in affected regions.
- Keywords:
Spousal or father loss; Displaced women; Psychological depression; Internal displacement; Social support
***
* د. ريتا هيكل حسون: باحثة وأكاديمية لبنانية. محاضرة في كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية - الجامعة اللبنانية. حائزة شهادة دكتوراه في علم النفس (الجامعة اللبنانية)، ودبلوم دراسات عليا في علم النفس العيادي والمرضي. متخصصة في التقييم النفسي، وخبيرة محلّفة لدى المحاكم – فرع علم النفس، وأخصائيّة في علم النفس العيادي والمرضي في الأمن العام اللبناني، وخبيرة نفسية واجتماعية لدى المحاكم اللبنانية، ومساعدة اجتماعية في لجان تخفيض العقوبات في وزارة العدل.
* Dr. Rita Haykal Hassoun: is a Lebanese researcher and academic, and a lecturer at Lebanese University. She holds a PhD in Psychology (Lebanese University), as well as a postgraduate diploma in Clinical and Psychopathological Psychology. She specializes in psychological assessment and is a sworn court expert in psychology. She also works as a clinical and psychopathological psychologist within the Lebanese General Security. In addition, she serves as a psychological and social expert for lebanese courts and as a social worker on sentence reduction committees at the Ministry of Justice.
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الحداثة (Al Hadatha)
ربيع 2026 Spring
العدد: 239 ISSUE
مجلد: 33 .Vol
ISSN: 2790-1785
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